Tuesday, May 18, 2021

On a first glimpse of Urdu poetry


 

 

A famous Urdu poet is reported to have said that Urdu is Khari Boli ( spoken North Indian Hindi) in Persian script. While this observation may be considered a bit of an exaggeration, perhaps for emphasis, it does serve to reinforce the contention that one can savour the joys of Urdu poetry without necessarily knowing the script. If one has access to a good Urdu/English or Urdu /Hindi dictionary one can plunge into the world of Urdu poetry without any effort at all. 

One excellent source for undertaking this exercise is the website Rekhta.org which has a wealth of poetry and accompanying it an online dictionary. One can select from Devanagari, Roman and Urdu scripts  and on encountering an unfamiliar Persian or Arabic word-many Persian and Arabic words are in fact very familiar to Hindi speakers- we simply select the word(tap and press it for a moment) and the meaning pops up! It is actually as simple and well organized as that!

Once one dives in ,one finds all the stuff of great poetry-love, humour, rebellion, pain ……

Humour always helps and one turns to Akbar Allahabadi for samples thereof. In these times when courts of law and litigation are taking up a lot of the public imagination a comment on lawyers by this poet who was also a sessions judge is as under

पैदा  हुआ  वकील  तो  शैतान  ने  कहा

लो  आज  हम  भी  साहिब-ए-औलाद  हो  गए

 

(Sahib e aulad  means father)

 

जब  ग़म  हुआ  चढ़ा  लीं  दो  बोतलें  इकट्ठी

मुल्ला  की  दौड़  मस्जिद  'अकबर'  की  दौड़  भट्टी

 

 

Firaq Gorakhpuri ranks high amongst modern  Urdu  poets and a glimpse of his work is of interest

किसी  का  यूँ  तो  हुआ  कौन  उम्र  भर  फिर  भी

ये  हुस्न  ओ  इश्क़  तो  धोका  है  सब  मगर  फिर  भी

हज़ार  बार  ज़माना  इधर  से  गुज़रा  है

नई  नई  सी  है  कुछ  तेरी  रहगुज़र  फिर  भी

…………………………

बहुत  पहले  से  उन  क़दमों  की  आहट  जान  लेते  हैं

तुझे  ऐ  ज़िंदगी  हम  दूर  से  पहचान  लेते  हैं

-----

एक  मुद्दत  से  तिरी  याद  भी  आई  न  हमें

और  हम  भूल  गए  हों  तुझे  ऐसा  भी  नहीं

-------

मौत  का  भी  इलाज  हो  शायद

ज़िंदगी  का  कोई  इलाज  नहीं

 

Mirza Ghalib is of course the tallest figure in the genre

vo aa.e ghar meñ hamāre ḳhudā kī qudrat hai

kabhī ham un ko kabhī apne ghar ko dekhte haiñ

A glimpse of Ghalib’s ever enquiring, questioning, restless mind

रेख़्ते  के  तुम्हीं  उस्ताद  नहीं  हो  'ग़ालिब'

कहते  हैं  अगले  ज़माने  में  कोई  'मीर'  भी  था

 

And this brings us naturally to Mir (1723-1810)

इश्क़  इक  'मीर'  भारी  पत्थर  है

कब  ये  तुझ  ना-तवाँ  से  उठता  है

 

(Na Tava means weak or feeble)

क्या  कहूँ  तुम  से  मैं  कि  क्या  है  इश्क़

जान  का  रोग  है  बला  है  इश्क़

Mir wrote during difficult times-the decay of the Mughal Empire and the rise of Company Bahadur to power. And the depression shows

शाम  से  कुछ  बुझा  सा  रहता  हूँ

दिल  हुआ  है  चराग़  मुफ़्लिस  का

 

दिल्ली  में  आज  भीक  भी  मिलती  नहीं  उन्हें

था  कल  तलक  दिमाग़  जिन्हें  ताज-ओ-तख़्त  का

……..

अमीर-ज़ादों  से दिल्ली  के  मिल  न  ता-मक़्दूर

कि  हम  फ़क़ीर  हुए  हैं  इन्हीं  की  दौलत  से

In more recent times, we have Jigar Muradabadi (1890-1960)

ये  इश्क़  नहीं  आसाँ  इतना  ही  समझ  लीजे

इक  आग  का  दरिया  है  और  डूब  के  जाना  है

………………..

तेरी  आँखों  का  कुछ  क़ुसूर  नहीं

हाँ  मुझी  को  ख़राब  होना  था

…………………………..

आदमी  आदमी  से  मिलता  है

दिल  मगर  कम  किसी  से  मिलता  है

…………………………..

हमीं  जब  न  होंगे  तो  क्या  रंग-ए-महफ़िल

किसे  देख  कर  आप  शरमाइएगा

The list goes on and on. But this is not an anthology. To borrow a phrase from a very different context-it is just a finger pointing at the moon.

Have a look, it’s rather beautiful.

Happy reading

3 comments:

  1. Totally enjoyed the blog. I consult rekhta often. Even feeding half forgotten one liners find their counterparts there. Thank you.

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  2. beautiful. you have opened a window. Rekhta is good not only for bringing Urdu poetry closer but also proese and that too in both the scripts. Its videos on you tube are really enteratining. By the way,Aab-e- Hayat of Azaad (1880 ) begins with a line that Urdu has its roots in the Braj. while the secret mirror ( a book worth reading ) by Shamsur Rahman Faruqui traces it right to Hindvi of Khusaro and suggestes that its older than Hindi.

    ReplyDelete